21CHY531 ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY ELECTIVES – CHEMISTRY-

Unit I-

Chemical toxicology: Toxicity -effects, toxic chemicals in the environment, impact of toxic chemicals on enzymes, biochemical effects of As, Cd, Pb, Hg, Co, NOx, SO2 , O3, PAN, CN, pesticides, carcinogenic substances.

Unit II-

Air pollution: Primary pollutants, hydrocarbons-photochemical smog, particulates, radioactivity, effects of atmospheric pollution -acid rain, ozone layer depletion, Indoor air pollution, Effect of electric and magnetic fields in the environment Air pollution accidents – Bhopal and Chernobyl, Air quality standards, Sampling and analysis of pollutants – CO, SO2, H2S, hydrocarbons, SPM, Noise pollution –Measurement, Classification, Hazards.

Unit III-

Water pollution: Pollution of fresh water, ground water and ocean, Thermal pollution, Sampling and measurement of water quality – odour, colour, EC, turbidity, TDS, salinity, COD, BOD, DO, coliform, pH, acidity, CO2, alkalinity, hardness, NO3-, NO2-, NH3, phosphate, fluoride, chloride, cyanide, sulphide, sulphate and metals- As, Cd, Fe, Pb, Hg, SAR, WQI, Water quality parameters and standards, Waste water treatment techniques.

Unit IV-

Effluent and waste management: Effluent – definition and characteristics, Methods for water and waste water treatment and systems (physical, chemical, and biological), Air pollution emission control devises – principle methods, Plants, animals and microorganisms for controlling pollution and treatment of effluents, Waste management – definition, characterisation, sources and classification, Waste treatment and disposing methods, -recycling and reuse, Methods for management for hazardous and toxic wastes, Principle and strategies of green chemistry –Illustrate with examples.

Unit V-

Lithosphere: Composition, reactions in soil, Wastes and pollutants in soil, Sampling procedures and analysis of soil- cation exchange capacity, lime status, lime requirement, gypsum requirement, pH, N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Management of solid waste.

TEXTBOOKS:

  1. A. K. De, Environmental Chemistry, New age International Ltd.
  2. S. S. Dara, A Textbook of Environmental chemistry and pollution control, S.Chand& Company Ltd.

REFERENCES:

  1. G. T. Tyler, Living in the Environment, Tomson Brooke/Cole.
  2. V K Ahluwalia, Environmental Chemistry, Ane Books Pvt Ltd, New Delhi
  3. Tisdale, S.L., Nelson, W.L. and Beaton, J. D. Soil Fertility and Fertilisers, Macmillan Publishing Company, New York, 1990.