OMB-201 Organic Mechanisms in Biology-

Common Mechanisms in Biological Chemistry- Overview of Digestion, Absorption, Metabolism (Anabolism & Catabolism), Nutrition, Photosynthesis, Respiration, Excretion.

Biomolecules- Carbohydrates (Anomaric carbon, Mutarotation, Simple Chemical reactions of Glucose, Reducing & Non-reducing Sucrose, Maltose & Lactose, Elementary idea of structure of Starch & Cellulose); Proteins (Denaturation of proteins, Enzyme Kinetics), Nucleic acids (Mechanisms of Replication, Transcription & Protein synthesis, Genetic code); Hormones (classification, structural features & functions in bio-systems); Vitamins (classification, functions of vitamins in bio-systems).

Lipid Metabolism- Structures and roles of Fatty acids & Glycerols, beta oxidation of saturated fatty acids, oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids, oxidation of odd chain fatty acids, energy yield, ketone bodies.

Carbohydrate Metabolism- Aerobic & Anaerobic glycolysis, sequence of reactions in glycolysis, regulation in glycolysis, citric acid cycle, glycogenesis, glycogenolysis (sequence of reactions & regulation), Pentose-phosphate pathway (sequence of reactions & regulation), extraction of energy from food sources.

Amino acid Metabolism- Amino acid breakdown (amino acid deamination, Urea cycle, metabolic breakdown of individual amino acids – glucogenic & ketogenic amino acids), amino acids as biosynthetic precursors (haem biosynthesis & degradation, biosynthesis of epinephrine, dopamine, seretonin, GABA, histamin, glutathione); biosynthesis of essential & non-essential amino acids.

Nucleotide Metabolism- biosynthesis of purine & pyrimidine (de novo & salvage pathway); degradation of purine & pyrimidine.