POM-203 Principles of Microbiology-

Overview of history of Microbiology- Biogenesis and abiogenesis Contributions of Redi, Spallanzani, Needham, Pasteur, Tyndal, Joseph Lister, Koch [Germ Theory], Edward Jenner and Flemming [Penicillin], Scope of Microbiology.

Classification of Microbes- Systems of classification, Numerical taxonomy, Identifying characters for classification, General properties and principles of classification of microorganisms Systematics of bacteria, Nutritional types [Definition and examples], Classification on the basis of oxygen requirement.

Concept of Sterilization- Definition of sterilization, dry and moist heat, pasteurization, tyndalization; radiation, ultrasonication, filtration, Physical and Chemical methods of sterilization; disinfection sanitization, antisepsis sterilants and fumigation, Determination of phenol coefficient of disinfectant.

Stains and staining techniques- Definition of auxochrome, chromophores, dyes, Classification of stains, Theories of staining, Mechanism of gram staining, acid fast staining, negative staining, capsule staining, flagella staining, endospore staining.

Microbes in Extreme Environment- Nature, special features of the thermophilic, methanogenic and halophilic Archaea; photosynthetic bacteria, Cyanobacteria some Archaea who live in extreme conditions like cold, and space.

Pathogenic Microorganisms- List of common bacterial, fungal and viral diseases of human beings [Name of the disease, causative pathogen, parts affected]

Basic concepts of Virology- General characteristics of viruses, differences between bacteria and viruses, Classification of viruses Physical and chemical Structures of different Viruses on the basis of capsid symmetry- enveloped (Herpes virus), helical (TMV) and icosahedral (Polyoma viruses), Capsids, complex (Bacteriophage, and Virion size, enveloped (Herpes), helical (TMV) and icosahedral (Polyoma), Capsids.