UNIT‐II

Temporary & Permanent hardness of water

Temporary & Permanent hardness of water- Hardness in water is a measure of the concentration of dissolved calcium and magnesium ions. It is typically classified into two types: temporary hardness…

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Basic classification of cleaning Agents

Basic classification of cleaning Agents- Cleaning agents can be classified into various categories based on their composition, function, and the types of surfaces or materials they are designed to clean.…

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