21CHY537 GREEN CHEMISTRY-

Unit-I-

Green Chemistry: Introduction-Definition of green Chemistry, need of green chemistry, basic principles of green chemistry, Green synthesis-Evaluation of the type of the reaction (i) Rearrangements (100% atom economic), (ii) Addition reaction (100% atom economic), Organic reactions by Sonication method: apparatus required examples of sonochemical reactions (Heck, Hundsdiecker and Wittig reactions).

Unit-II-

Selection of solvent: i) Aqueous phase reactions ii) Reactions in ionic liquids, Heckreaction, Suzuki reactions, epoxidation. iii) Solid supported synthesis.
Super critical CO2: Preparation, properties and applications, (decaffeination, dry cleaning).

Unit-III-

Microwave and Ultrasound assisted green synthesis: Apparatus required, examples of MAOS (synthesis of fused anthroquinones, Leukart reductive amination of ketones) – Advantages and disadvantages of MAOS, Aldol condensation-Cannizzaro reaction Diels-Alder reactions-Strecker’s synthesis.

Unit-IV-

Green catalysis: Heterogeneous catalysis, use of zeolites, silica, alumina, supported catalysis-biocatalysis: Enzymes, microbes Phase transfer catalysis (micellar/surfactant).

Unit-V-

Examples of green synthesis / reactions and some real world cases: 1. Green synthesis of the following compounds: adipic acid, catechol, disodium imino di acetate (alternative Strecker’s synthesis), 2. Microwave assisted reaction in water –Hoffmann elimination – methyl benzoate to benzoic acid –oxidation of toluene and alcohols –microwave assisted reactions in organic solvents, Diels-Alder reactions and decarboxylation reaction, 3. Ultrasound assisted reactions–sonochemical Simmons –Smith reaction(ultrasonic alternative to iodine).

TEXTBOOKS:

  1. Green Chemistry Theory and Practice. P.T.Anatas and J.C. Warner.
  2. Green Chemistry V.K. Ahluwalia Narosa, New Delhi.
  3. Real world cases in Green Chemistry M.C. Cann and M.E. Connelly.
  4. Green Chemistry: Introductory Text M.Lancaster: Royal Society of Chemistry (London).

REFERENCE:

  1. Principles and practice of heterogeneous catalysis, Thomas J.M., Thomas M.J., John Wiley.
  2. Green Chemistry: Environmental friendly alternatives R S Sanghli and M.M Srivastava, Narosa Publications.